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</p> <h2>A look back at the history of PBS and PBS Kids, and a glimpse into efforts to protect the organization, which has served generations of learners.</h2> <p class="sans">By <a rel="author" href="https://www.the74million.org/contributor/545194/">Meghan Gallagher</a></p> <p> <img decoding="async" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/1614FBF8-8FA9-4E4E-A904-2B2C176FD98D.gif" /></p> <p>This story first appeared at <a href="https://www.the74million.org">The 74</a>, a nonprofit news site covering education. <a href="https://www.the74million.org/about/newsletters/?utm_source=republish-button&utm_medium=website&utm_campaign=republish">Sign up for free newsletters from The 74</a> to get more like this in your inbox.</p> <p>For more than 50 years, PBS has been a trusted, educational source for millions of Americans — especially children.</p> <p>Formed in 1969 by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB), a nonprofit authorized by Congress in the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967, PBS has been a staple for American families for decades. </p> <p>From its earliest days airing <em>Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood</em> and <em>Sesame Street </em>to iconic shows from the 70s, 80s and 90s like <em>Electric Company, Reading Rainbow </em>and<em> Bill Nye the Science Guy, </em>PBS programming has taught children to understand and express their emotions, and helped them build foundational literacy, math and science skills. And since 1999, PBS Kids has brought beloved characters like Daniel Tiger and Arthur into American <a href="https://www.pbs.org/about/about-pbs/mission-values/">homes and classrooms</a> through shows and digital games. </p> <p>Today, PBS, along with NPR and <a href="https://cpb.org/cpb-station-finder">1,500 other local public radio and television stations</a> funded by CPB faces an uncertain future after Trump signed a bill cutting <a href="https://apnews.com/article/pbs-npr-budget-cuts-trump-republicans-b0044285659ab708e23eb2dc2f3eabfa">significant federal funds</a> earmarked for the Corporation.</p> <p><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/26/business/media/pbs-npr-congress-funding.html">This isn’t the first time</a> public broadcasting has been under threat. In the 1990s, former Speaker of the House of Representatives, Newt Gingrich, led efforts to <a href="https://www.politico.com/story/2010/10/defunding-npr-its-not-that-easy-044056">defund public broadcasting</a>. In 1969, Fred Rogers <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fKy7ljRr0AA">testified</a> before Congress to protect $20 million in federal funding for the newly formed Corporation for Public Broadcasting, which the Nixon administration proposed cutting in half.</p> <p>“I’m constantly concerned about what our children are seeing, and for 15 years I have tried, in this country and Canada, to present what I feel is a meaningful expression of care,” Rogers told then-Senator John O. Pastore. Rogers contrasted his approach with the animated “bombardment” and gun violence he saw on other networks.</p> <figure class="wp-block-pullquote"> <blockquote> <p>“… If we in public television can only make it clear that feelings are mentionable and manageable, we will have done a great service for mental health.”</p> <p><cite>Fred Rogers, testifying before congress in 1969</cite></p></blockquote> </figure> <p>Underscoring the importance of programs appealing to social emotional learning and mental health, Rogers won Pastore over. “Looks like you just earned the $20 million dollars,” Pastore concluded.</p> <aside class="inline_story shortcode simple"><a href="https://www.the74million.org/zero2eight/the-future-of-childrens-programming-after-federal-cuts-to-public-media/"></p> <figure style="background-image: url(https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/death_of_pbs_childrens_shows.gif)" /> <p><span class="sans related_tag">Related</span></p> <h4 class="sans">The Future of Children’s Programming After Federal Cuts to Public Media</h4> </p> <p></a></aside> <p>Over the years, PBS has remained a <a href="https://www.niemanlab.org/2025/06/americans-trust-pbs-because-its-publicly-funded-not-in-spite-of-it/">trusted</a> media source among Americans, especially for its children’s programming. As of 2024, more than 130 million people watch PBS via traditional television; nearly 60% of all U.S. television households watch PBS over the course of a year; and PBS Kids <a href="https://foundation.pbs.org/pbs-fast-facts/">reaches</a> 15.5 million monthly users and 345 million monthly streams across PBS KIDS’ digital platforms.</p> <p>Here’s a visual history of the milestones and iconic moments from the organization that has served generations of learners — as well as a glimpse into efforts to protect it over the years:</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">1969</h3> <p>Fred Rogers testified before the U.S. Senate Subcommittee on Communications to oppose proposed cuts to federal funding for public broadcasting. </p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio"> <div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <p><iframe title="May 1, 1969: Fred Rogers testifies before the Senate Subcommittee on Communications" width="500" height="375" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/fKy7ljRr0AA?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe></p> </div> </figure> <p><em>Sesame Street</em> airs its <a href="https://sesameworkshop.org/about-us/news/five-things-you-may-not-know-about-sesame-street/">first</a> episode in November 1969.</p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio"> <div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <p><iframe title="Vintage Sesame Street - Episode 0034 (1969)" width="500" height="281" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/YZQ8iCzbxT0?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe></p> </div> </figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">1970</h3> <p>The photos below capture behind-the-scenes moments from the first season of <em>Sesame Street</em>.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-1634129909-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019635" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">A young girl stands beside Carroll Spinney, who played Big Bird, and Matt Robinson, who played Gordon, on the set of <em>Sesame Street</em> during its first season. (Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1017" height="1024" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-1213594854-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019637" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Puppeteer Jim Henson (out of frame) and an unknown puppeteer (out of frame) entertain children with muppets Kermit and Oscar the Grouch backstage during rehearsals for an episode of <em>Sesame Street</em>. (Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="674" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-1172554822-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019633" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Actress Loretta Long, who played Susan Robinson on <em>Sesame Street</em>, talks to the photographer’s son, Oliver Attie, during a break in taping. (David Attie/Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="667" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-1791494825-2.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019749" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Matt Robinson (who played Gordon) with a young girl during the taping of <em>Sesame Street’s</em> very first season, taken for America Illustrated Magazine, in March 1970 in New York City. (David Attie/Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="680" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-1647073044-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019630" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Children with Big Bird, played by Carroll Spinney, and Bob McGrath on set. (Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="680" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-1791494855-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019621" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">A photo montage, made by layering several negatives, from the filming of an episode of <em>Sesame Street. </em>(Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>1971</strong></h3> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="791" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-515020654-3.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019619" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The cast members of <em>The Electric Company</em>, Lee Chamberlin, Bill Cosby, Rita Moreno, Judy Graubart, Skip Hinnant and Morgan Freeman. (Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">1973</h3> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="687" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-515108130-2.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019620" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Fred Rogers, creator and host of <em>Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood </em>entertains children during a Mister Rogers’ Day celebration at the University of South Dakota. Several thousand children from surrounding states attended the event. (Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">1986</h3> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><img decoding="async" width="733" height="1024" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-469402977-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019639" style="width:840px;height:auto" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">LeVar Burton, host of <em>Reading Rainbow</em>, on stage at a fundraiser for a literacy campaign, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Feb. 20, 1986. (Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">90s and Early 2000s</h3> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="694" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-576836544-2.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019613" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">U.S. Attorney General Janet Reno reads to a group of children during the 10th anniversary celebration for PBS’s <em>Reading Rainbow</em> in 1993. (Wally McNamee/Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="999" height="777" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/leVar-Burton-awards-NAACP-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019612" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">LeVar Burton at the 26th NAACP Image Awards in Pasadena, California on Jan. 5, 1994. He won the Best Performance in a Youth or Children’s Series or Special for the educational children’s series <em>Reading Rainbow</em>. (Vinnie Zuffante/Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="570" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-641778732.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019664" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Former Sen. Chris Dodd, Barney and former Sen. Joe Lieberman at PBS promotion in Hart Senate Office Building in 1993. (Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="675" height="609" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/levar-burton.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019643" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">LeVar Burton speaks during a discussion on how to improve the quantity and quality of children’s programming in Washington D.C. Former President Bill Clinton had recently announced that he was asking the Federal Communications Commission to require broadcasters to air a minimum of three hours of childrens educational programming. (David Hume Kennerly/Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="635" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-525611280-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019644" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Former first lady Laura Bush and former President George W. Bush at an event in the East Room of the White House to launch a PBS national campaign to promote children’s literacy. Laura Bush served as the honorary chairperson of the campaign. (Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="673" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-51702565.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019646" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Fred Rogers of <em>Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood</em> endorsing the PBS television show for children <em>Between the Lions</em> in the East Room of the White House, flanked by former U.S. Secretary of Education Rod Paige and former first lady Laura Bush. (Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="782" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-105152427-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019615" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">LeVar Burton, executive producer and host of <em>Reading Rainbow</em> wins the TCA award for Outstanding Achievement in Children’s Programming. (Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">2005</h3> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="667" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-74894335-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019647" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">After a draft bill to decrease program funding was approved, lawmakersSen. Hillary Clinton and Rep. John D. Dingell; Clifford the Big Red Dog and other PBS characters; and representatives of Action for Children’s Television, National Parent Teacher’s Association and Children NOW, rally in support of public radio and television. (Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="672" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-99621908-2.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019648" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Eve Martin, 7, left, and her sister Lily, 4, hold signs supporting PBS characters during a rally to protect the public media from $100 million in funding cuts proposed for the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. (Tom Williams/Roll Call/Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>2008</strong></h3> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="611" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-81916221-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019649" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The cast of <em>The Electric Company</em> speak during the PBS portion of the Television Critics Association Press Tour on July 12, 2008 in Beverly Hills, California. (Photo by Frederick M. Brown/Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="738" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-81919050-2.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019650" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Sid The Science Kid seen at a Television Critics Association event hosted by PBS and The Jim Henson Company on July 12, 2008. (Mathew Imaging/WireImage)</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">2009</h3> <p><em>Sesame Street</em> turns 40. </p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="681" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-92916737-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019651" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><em>Sesame Street</em> puppet characters Zoe and Cookie Monster pose next to a street sign at West 64th St. and Broadway, in New York City, on the eve of the show’s 40th anniversary. (Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">2011</h3> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="681" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-109201338-2.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019652" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">From left, Arthur, the aardvark from PBS KIDS, and former House representatives Sam Farr, Earl Blumenauer and Edward Markey, hold a news conference to announce efforts to oppose defunding the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. (Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">2012</h3> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="696" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-149043529-2.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019653" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">A <em>Daniel Tiger’s Neighborhood</em> graphic on display during a PBS panel for the 2012 Summer Television Critics Association Tour in Los Angeles.. The animated program was inspired by Mister Roger’s Neighborhood. “Through imagination, creativity and music, Daniel and his friends learn the key social skills necessary for school and for life,” PBS.org <a href="https://www.pbs.org/parents/shows/daniel/about">states</a>. (Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">2013</h3> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-170572754-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019655" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Actor LeVar Burton attends the <em>Reading Rainbow</em> 30th anniversary celebration at Dylan’s Candy Bar on June 14, 2013 in Los Angeles. (Photo by Ben Horton/FilmMagic)</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">2017</h3> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="713" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-656159934-2.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019657" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">People gathered near the U.S. Capitol on March 21, 2017, to show their support for PBS and urge against defunding the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. (Tasos Katopodis/Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-656159936-2.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019658" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">People rally to urge Congress to protect funding for U.S. public broadcasters, PBS and NPR outside the NPR headquarters in Washington, D.C., on March 26, 2025. A day earlier, President Donald Trump said he would “love” to cut funding for the U.S. public broadcasters. (Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">2025</h3> <p>The fight to fund continues. </p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-2206434524-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019660" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">People rally to urge Congress to protect funding for U.S. public broadcasters, PBS and NPR outside the NPR headquarters in Washington, D.C., on March 26, 2025. President Donald Trump said on March 25 that he would “love” to cut funding for the U.S. public broadcasters. (Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <aside class="inline_story shortcode simple video_short"><a href="https://www.the74million.org/article/with-pbs-cuts-will-kids-turn-to-skibidi-toilet/" data-shortvid_id="2_Z51hEEBVQ"></p> <figure style="background-image: url(https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/pbs-defunded.jpg)" /> <p><span class="sans related_tag">Watch</span></p> <h4 class="sans">With PBS Cuts, Will Kids Turn to Skibidi Toilet?</h4> </p> <p></a></aside> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/GettyImages-2227333006-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019666" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The star of<em> Sesame Street’s</em> Big Bird is seen on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in Hollywood, California, on Aug. 1, 2025. (Patrick T. Fallon/Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="2560" height="1440" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/Lyla-Stu-Hairdo_B002C006_241208_A4D4.mov.12_30_47_13-scaled.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019674" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">A child plays a PBS Kids game Lyla & Stu’s Hairdos on a tablet. (Image courtesy of PBS Kids)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="999" height="777" src="https://www.the74million.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/Untitled-design-2025-08-19T121921.688.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1019661" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">More than two decades later, PBS Kids continues to captivate children in 2025. (Left: Photo courtesy of Lucie Bulois. Right: Photo courtesy of Amy Honigman)</figcaption></figure> <p>
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